Nginx 服务器 [天涯的知库]

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====== Nginx 服务器 ======
主要关于Nginx服务器安装、维护等事项。或者通过 Docker 来管理 [[https://nginxproxymanager.com/|Nginx Proxy Manager]] {{fa>file-text-o}}(([[https://blog.laoda.de/archives/nginxproxymanager|Doc]]))

===== 安装 =====
安装和多域名设置，主要参考以下文章：(([[https://ubiq.co/tech-blog/configure-multiple-host-names-nginx/|How To Configure Multiple Host Names in NGINX]])) (([[https://hackprogramming.com/blog/how-to-setup-subdomain-or-host-multiple-domains-using-nginx-in-linux-server|How to setup subdomain or host multiple domains using nginx in linux server]]))
(([[https://hackprogramming.com/how-to-setup-subdomain-or-host-multiple-domains-using-nginx-in-linux-server/|Subdomain in Nginx]]))
(([[https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-nginx-on-ubuntu-20-04-quickstart-de|Installl Nginx on Ubuntu]]))
(([[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=liA6Wg-mm2M|Install Video]]))
(([[https://blog.csdn.net/longgeqiaojie304/article/details/84984564|Nginx虚拟主机多host域名配置演示]]))
按照步骤去做就好，没有太复杂。

<code>
sudo apt update
sudo apt install nginx

sudo systemctl status nginx
sudo systemctl reload nginx
</code>

安装完并修改配置文件后，检查配置语法是否正确
<code bash>
sudo nginx -t -c dokuwiki.conf  # 测试配置文件是否有效
sudo nginx -t                   # 测试所有设置
</code>

端口配置
<code bash>
sudo ufw allow 'Nginx Full'
sudo ufw enable
sudo ufw status
sudo ufw allow ssh # 很重要，否则 SSH 登录会被拒绝
</code>

如果出现502拒绝访问，大概是因为php解释服务没有安装。参考 [[https://www.datadoghq.com/blog/nginx-502-bad-gateway-errors-php-fpm/|NGINX 502 Bad Gateway: PHP-FPM]]
<code bash>
sudo apt -y install php7.4 php7.4-fpm # ubuntu 20.04 上只支持 7.4 版本
</code>

出现 “//PHP function xml_parser_create// ” 错误，是因为 php-xml 包没有安装。
<code bash>
sudo apt-get install php-xml
</code>

====== SSL 证书 ======
请参阅 [[it:server:security#'SSL 证书'|服务器安全设置]] 笔记中的记述。以开通''https''的安全访问模式。

[[https://luyuhuang.tech/2020/06/03/cloudflare-free-https.html|Ngnix 填写方式]]

标准配置供参考
<code>
    server {
        listen       443 ssl http2 default_server;
        listen       [::]:443 ssl http2 default_server;
        server_name  你的域名，多个以空格隔开;
        root         你的博客静态资源路径;

        ssl_certificate "你上传的 .pem 源证书的路径";
        ssl_certificate_key "你上传的 .key 私钥文件路径";
        ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
        ssl_session_timeout  10m;
        ssl_ciphers PROFILE=SYSTEM;
        ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;

        include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;

        location / {
        }

        error_page 404 /404.html;
            location = /40x.html {
        }

        error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
            location = /50x.html {
        }
    }

</code>

====== 反向代理 ======

当访问 http://192.168.17.129:9001/deu/a.html 时，会引导到 http://127.0.0.1:8080
<code >
server {
	listen       9001;
	server_name  192.168.17.129;

	location ~ /edu/ {
		proxy_pass  http://127.0.0.1:8080
	}

	location ~ /vod/ {
		proxy_pass  http://127.0.0.1:8081
	}
}

</code>

====== Nginx Proxy Manager ======

[[https://lurenjia.top/2022/02/install-nginx-proxy-manager/|安装Nginx Proxy Manager]] / [[https://www.jianshu.com/p/eb945b4769f2|可视化配置Nginx]]

出现错误 <wrap em>ERROR: no matching manifest for linux/s390x in the manifest list entries</wrap>
  > docker pull s390x/node
  
有效的compose 地址

<code>
curl -L "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/$(curl https://github.com/docker/compose/releases | grep -m1 '<a href="/docker/compose/releases/download/' | grep -o 'v[0-9:].[0-9].[0-9]')/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
docker-compose --version
</code>

====== 调试监测 ======

有三大工具 <color #ff7f27>''%%htop%%''</color>, <color #ff7f27>''%%iotop%%''</color> 以及 <color #ff7f27>''%%ngxtop%%''</color>，
  apt-get install htop, iotp, ngxtop
  sudo iotop
  pip install ngxtop
  
ngxtop 是一个python程序， 会调用nginx的日志文件来查阅，<color #ff7f27>''%%i 2%%''</color> 表示每两秒钟查看一次
  ngxtop -l /var/log/nginx/access.log -i 2

nginx 的错误文件和日志文件
  sudo cat /var/log/nginx/error.log
  sudo cat /var/log/nginx/access.log
  

{{tag>nginx}}
it/server/nginxserver.txt · 最后更改: 2024-03-10 06:38 由 goldentianya
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